長(zhǎng)管呼吸器常用術(shù)語(yǔ)包含清洗、消毒、清潔、滅菌四個(gè)部分，長(zhǎng)管呼吸器又稱之為長(zhǎng)管式防毒面罩。長(zhǎng)管呼吸器主要是借助人的肺力吸入經(jīng)過(guò)濾的新鮮空氣，達(dá)到保護(hù)人體呼吸系統(tǒng)的安全防護(hù)裝備。長(zhǎng)管呼吸器廣泛應(yīng)用于化工業(yè)、石油業(yè)、船舶維修噴漆、自來(lái)水、煤氣及實(shí)驗(yàn)室等行業(yè)。
清洗：從物體和表面上去除所有污漬（有機(jī)物和無(wú)機(jī)物）和異物的過(guò)程。典型做法是用水和機(jī)械方法完成，并會(huì)輔助以洗滌劑。
Cleaning：Removal of all soil (organic and inorganic) and foreign material from objects and surfaces. This is typically accomplished with water and mechanical action. Detergents may be used to assist the process.
注：未能徹底清除物體表面的異物（污漬、潤(rùn)滑劑等）會(huì)使消毒失效。
Note：Failure to remove foreign material (soil, lubricants, etc.) from an object can make the disinfecting process ineffective.
消毒：抑制或摧毀致病性微生物的處理過(guò)程，但可能無(wú)法殺滅細(xì)菌孢子，通常使用化學(xué)藥劑、加熱和/或紫外線照射等方式，分三類：高水平消毒、中等水平消毒和低等水平消毒。
Disinfecting：A process of inhibiting or destroying disease-producing microorganisms, but may not kill bacterial spores. It usually involves the use of chemicals, heat and/or ultraviolet light and is divided into three categories: high, intermediate and low level disinfection.
清潔：在一個(gè)無(wú)生物的物體表面降低微生物數(shù)量，使之達(dá)到“安全”水平的過(guò)程，但可能不會(huì)殺滅致病微生物，例如，餐盤和飲食器具通常采取清潔的處理。
Sanitizing：A process to reduce the number of microorganisms on an inanimate object to “safe” levels, but may not destroy disease-producing organisms, e.g., dishes and eating utensils are normally sanitized.
滅菌：使一個(gè)產(chǎn)品完全不存在任何形式的可繁殖的微生物，而且結(jié)果得到確認(rèn)的處理過(guò)程，微生物包括細(xì)菌、病毒、孢子和霉菌。
Sterilizing：A validated process to render a product free of all forms of viable microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, spores and fungi.
注：實(shí)施有效滅菌之前必須對(duì)物品進(jìn)行徹底清洗。
Note：Items must be thoroughly cleaned before effective sterilization can occur.
